大學寫英語演講稿 模板1
閱讀小貼士:模板1共計2118個字,預(yù)計閱讀時長6分鐘。朗讀需要11分鐘,中速朗讀15分鐘,在莊重嚴肅場合朗讀需要20分鐘,有211位用戶喜歡。
"臺上十分鐘,臺下十年功",用這句話來形容演講前的準備工作十分貼切。優(yōu)秀演講者除了要有口才、學識、品德和穩(wěn)定的心理素質(zhì)外,在每一次演講前都要進行認真的準備,深入了解聽眾、廣泛收集材料、寫好演講稿、反復(fù)演練等。其中演講稿的撰寫是關(guān)鍵,寫好演講稿可以幫助演講者加深對主題、內(nèi)容的理解和熟悉,理清思路,增強語言表現(xiàn)力,恰當掌握演講時間,使演講者心中有數(shù),有助于打消緊張情緒。
寫好演講稿要注意以下幾點:
一、根據(jù)聽眾特點確定演講內(nèi)容
演講是講給人聽的,聽眾聽得懂、喜歡聽才能有助于演講目的的實現(xiàn)。聽眾渴望了解的是他們關(guān)心的問題,對其工作生活有指導(dǎo)價值的知識和信息,因此演講者的選題應(yīng)從聽眾的心理需求出發(fā),這能縮短演講者與聽眾間的心理距離,獲得支持。了解聽眾首先要了解聽眾的身份階層、文化層次、職業(yè)、年齡等,這些因素會影響聽眾的理解能力、語言感知能力;其次要了解聽眾心的焦點,有時一場演講的聽眾成百上千,難免各有所思各有所想,性格、心態(tài)各不相同,但在某種特定的場合下,比如一個非常的時代、某個特殊意義的時刻、某種特定的情景等,人們所關(guān)心的焦點往往會比較集中地落在一個問題上而暫時統(tǒng)一了愿望和要求,那么演講者就應(yīng)該因地制宜、有的放矢。
二、提練主題深刻之情
主題是演講稿的統(tǒng)帥,演講主題的提練應(yīng)本著使人獲益的原則,那種空洞膚淺或主題擁塞演講會令人生厭的。演講主題應(yīng)是演講者的真知灼見,才能吸引聽眾,使人獲益。然而演講者的真知灼見又是來源于廣博的生活的,因此提練主題還應(yīng)善于對生活進行升華,能夠以小見大、從平凡中見精神,由細小中見偉奇,善于挖掘社會現(xiàn)象中所隱含的人生哲理、客觀規(guī)律,善于從一個比較新奇的角度去切入生活的實質(zhì),在一個更高的高度上去觀察生活、思索現(xiàn)實。
三、材料充實新穎感人
寫文章要求選擇材料要圍繞主旨、典型真實,演講稿的寫作也不例外。但演講作為一種特殊的語言活動,要求其材料要符合演講的鼓動性、針對性、情感性等特征。此外,演講選擇材料要多準備幾套,有備無患,以便臨場應(yīng)變,留有增減的余地。
(四)舊事新議賦予人們所熟悉的事物以新意或從一個新的角度來議論一個舊話題能激發(fā)起聽眾的興趣。演講材料切忌陳詞濫調(diào)。
四、結(jié)構(gòu)跌宕勢如破行
結(jié)構(gòu)即是根據(jù)某種需要把散亂的材料有條理有邏輯地組織起來,使材料之間相輔相成,構(gòu)成一個完整的有機體。而演講結(jié)構(gòu)即是以掀起聽眾的情感波瀾為宗旨,巧妙地安排論點材料,以便做到層次清晰、循序漸進,自始至終吸引住聽眾。
(一)開頭引人入勝。
萬事開頭難,演講的開頭更是如此,因為它擔負著極其重要的任務(wù),好的開頭能鎮(zhèn)定紛亂的會場、集中聽眾的注意力,還能導(dǎo)入主題、定下基調(diào),把聽眾帶入演講者需要的氣氛中去。因此對于演講的開頭應(yīng)精心設(shè)計,力求引人入勝。演講如何開頭應(yīng)根據(jù)演講內(nèi)容、演講風格、聽眾心理、現(xiàn)場情況等因素來確定,或開門見山揭示論點、或提出問題引人思考、或名言警句發(fā)表高論、或善于抒情創(chuàng)造意境、或描繪敘述形象生動等等,方式方法不勝枚舉,目的都是要吸引聽眾。
(二)主體扣人心弦
主體部分是回答問題、鞏固成果的階段。這一部分不能空洞,應(yīng)以充實的材料充分展開,深入挖掘主題、廣泛闡述道理,保持開端造成的聲勢,環(huán)環(huán)相接、扣人心弦。主體部分的材料安排應(yīng)注意形成內(nèi)在情感的節(jié)奏感,即通過由淺入深的論述層層推進聽眾的情感。安排材料時還應(yīng)將典型的突出的事例詳寫,一般性的材料作為輔助略寫,詳略相間,造在情感的張弛回旋。主體部分的材料應(yīng)多姿多彩,正反相照、深淺相兼、觸類旁通,不可單調(diào)呆,才會顯得起伏轉(zhuǎn)折、處處有景,時刻吸引住聽眾。
(三)結(jié)尾掀起高潮。
經(jīng)過開頭和主體部分的蓄勢,演講者和聽眾的情緒都已水到渠成達到了最高峰,這時應(yīng)該安排一個有力的結(jié)尾,總結(jié)全文突出主題、掀起高潮、摧人奮發(fā),給聽眾留下一個更強烈的回味無窮的印象,演講的結(jié)尾應(yīng)簡潔明快,精彩有力,切忌虎頭蛇尾、枯燥冗長、當斷不斷、落入俗套。演講的結(jié)尾方式多種多樣,可重復(fù)本文論點進行強調(diào),可直抒胸臆進行呼吁,可發(fā)表宏誓鼓動聽眾,可展望未來給人希望等等。
五、語言生動通俗易懂
演講的語言是介乎口語與文學語言之間的,它既要求遣詞造句簡練明確、通俗易懂,又要求表情意生動形象富于美感,才能既讓人聽得懂,又讓人喜歡聽。演講語言運用得好能使演講內(nèi)容插上翅膀,否則詞不達意,談而列味,便寸步難行。演講語言的運用要求:
(一)體人。是指演講者要用聽眾能聽得懂的語言講話,根據(jù)聽眾的文化層次造擇語言形式,做到語義明白曉暢,不故弄玄虛,不使用晦澀生僻的語詞,應(yīng)將自己的思想和感情直白地表達出來。
(二)個性化。演講語言應(yīng)體現(xiàn)深厚演講者處人獨特的風格,個性化的語言自然真誠,能給人留下深刻的印象,聽眾從演講者或沉郁、或激昂、或詼諧、或充滿哲理的語言中能洞察演講者的個性與人格,而人格的魅力往往比語言的吸引力更強大。
(三)有激情。演講中內(nèi)心的激情主要是通過充滿感情的語言表露出來。演講語言切忌平淡乏味、有理無情,這樣的演講連自己都感動不了,如何能感染聽眾呢?因此撰寫演講稿要多用氣勢磅礴的排比句、情緒飽滿的設(shè)問句、直抒胸臆的感嘆句等,使語言鏗鏘有力、氣勢逼人,把聽眾拉入語言所塑造的氛圍中,跟隨演講者亦悲亦喜痛亦怒。
大學寫英語演講稿 模板2
閱讀小貼士:模板2共計348個字,預(yù)計閱讀時長1分鐘。朗讀需要2分鐘,中速朗讀3分鐘,在莊重嚴肅場合朗讀需要4分鐘,有143位用戶喜歡。
寫英語演講稿的格式
英語演講稿- -
我的演講稿:
ladies and gentlemen , good afternoon! i’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is "youth". i hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.
first i want to ask you some questions:
1、 do you know what is youth?
2、 how do you master your youth?
youth
youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness ; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .
youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. this often e_ists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . nobody grows old merely by a number of years . we grow old by deserting our ideals.
years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .
大學寫英語演講稿 模板3
閱讀小貼士:模板3共計1406個字,預(yù)計閱讀時長4分鐘。朗讀需要8分鐘,中速朗讀10分鐘,在莊重嚴肅場合朗讀需要13分鐘,有134位用戶喜歡。
怎么寫英語教學演講稿
如何充分發(fā)揮小學英語在實現(xiàn)教育目標中的功能,從而體現(xiàn)小學英語在整個課程中的地位和作用,是小學英語教學必須重視的問題。英語學習的啟蒙階段是非常重要的,教學的成功與否將對學生的終身學習產(chǎn)生深遠影響。小學開設(shè)英語課程的目的在于培養(yǎng)學生學習英語的積極情感,形成初步的英語語感,打好語音、語調(diào)的基礎(chǔ),具備用所學英語進行交流的初級能力。通過英語課程的學習,豐富社會生活經(jīng)歷、開拓視野、樹立學習的自信心。為此在實際教學中我們要求廣大教師積極實踐和探索,在教學目標、課程實施、教學方法、教學評價等方面做到層層推進。在實踐過程中應(yīng)該明確以下幾點:
1.在教學總體目標上,重興趣、重成就感、重自信心的培養(yǎng)。教師通過多種激勵的方式,如獎品激勵、任務(wù)激勵、榮譽激勵、信任激勵和情感激勵等,激發(fā)學生積極參與、大膽實踐、體驗成功的喜悅。有了成就感,就有了自信心,學生就會渴望學習英語;在課程實施上,重環(huán)境、重頻率、重效率。教學中特別強調(diào)語言環(huán)境的創(chuàng)設(shè),充分利用和開發(fā)電視、錄音、錄像、光碟等多種媒體,豐富教學內(nèi)容、活躍教學氣氛、創(chuàng)設(shè)生動和真實的語言環(huán)境。盡量在課堂上創(chuàng)造真實的情境,克服課時少的困難,并且按排早讀課及時復(fù)習,保證學生高頻率的接觸英語,為學生創(chuàng)造有效的學習條件,提高學習效率;在語言教學目標上,重語感、重語音語調(diào)基礎(chǔ)、重交流能力。學校和教師積極創(chuàng)造條件,提供良好的語言環(huán)境和設(shè)備,通過提供大量的感知、體驗、模仿等實踐活動,幫助學生形成初步的語感。語音語調(diào)的.學習包括發(fā)音、重音、語調(diào)、節(jié)奏和語流等多方面,教學中要求教師防止以單音準確為目的的教學,通過多聽、多模仿,在有意義的語境中進行訓(xùn)練,奠定語音語調(diào)的基礎(chǔ)。強調(diào)要培養(yǎng)學生交流能力就要創(chuàng)設(shè)交流的情景,使學生通過交流發(fā)展交流的能力。
2.在教學模式和方法上,重體驗、重實踐、重參與、重創(chuàng)造。要求教學設(shè)計貼近生活,符合小學生興趣的需求;教學內(nèi)容能引起學生的興趣,例如韻律詩歌、寓言故事、會話表演、游戲等;教學的語言材料要真實、實用。學生在課上通過用中學、學中用,反復(fù)實踐,學用結(jié)合。功能、結(jié)構(gòu)、話題、任務(wù)做到有機結(jié)合;以話題為核心,以功能和結(jié)構(gòu)為主線,以任務(wù)型活動為目標安排各單元或各課的教學;通過視、聽、說、玩、唱、畫、游、讀、寫、譯等饒有趣味的活動,讓學生接觸足夠量的語言材料,保證輸入量,"習得"與"學得"結(jié)合,使學生逐步培養(yǎng)起初步的語感;通過大量語言材料的輸入,特別是聲像材料的示范,學生模仿,教師指導(dǎo),使學生逐步形成良好的語音、語調(diào)、書寫、拼讀的習慣。設(shè)計任務(wù)型活動,開放空間,激活學生的思維,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造思維。自始至終引導(dǎo)學生通過完成具體任務(wù)活動來學習語言,讓學生為了特定的學習目的去進行特定的語言活動,通過完成特定的交際任務(wù)來獲得和積累相應(yīng)的學習經(jīng)驗。教學方法要多樣,且生動活潑,激發(fā)學生的學習興趣。充分利用教科書中的課文創(chuàng)設(shè)栩栩如生的情景,為學生提供使用英語進行交流的機會。實踐中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每當孩子們進入角色,成功地做成一件事,他們便情不自禁,喜形于色,因此興趣倍增、信心加強,動機和情意受到了很大的激勵。同時要求布置的練習形式要多種多樣,做到手、腦、口、耳、眼、肢、體并用,靜態(tài)、動態(tài)相結(jié)合,基本操練與自由練習相結(jié)合,單項和綜合練習相結(jié)合。通過大量的實踐,使學生具有良好的語音、語調(diào)、書寫和拼讀的基礎(chǔ),并能用英語表情達意,開展簡單的交流活動。
大學寫英語演講稿 模板4
閱讀小貼士:模板4共計1014個字,預(yù)計閱讀時長3分鐘。朗讀需要6分鐘,中速朗讀7分鐘,在莊重嚴肅場合朗讀需要10分鐘,有195位用戶喜歡。
怎么寫英語一分鐘演講稿
第英語一分鐘演講稿
ladies and gentlemen , good afternoon! im very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is "youth". i hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.
first i want to ask you some questions: 1、 do you know what is youth? 2、 how do you master your youth?
youth
youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .
youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. this often e_ists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . nobody grows old merely by a number of years . we grow old by deserting our ideals.
years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .
whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of whats ne_t and the joy of the game of living . in the center of your heart and my heart theres a wireless station : so long as it receives messages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young .
when the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80. thats all ! thank you!
第英語一分鐘演講稿
as we all know, we will celebrate our 60th year of independence. __ years is a short history for any country, however, many people’s dreams have come true. as a middle school student , i’m very glad that i have the chance to celebrate the 60 anniversaries
in the past __years , our standards of living really has changed dramatically. in the past, parents often worried about their children lacking eating and wearing. in that time, we did not see a number of overseas brands in china , and the pursuit of fashion become the subject of life. in the past, people often communicated by writing letters or taking telegram. today nearly every people use mobile phones to communicate with everyone at anywhere. a succession of changes has affected us , which leads us to live a more happier life.
in the past 60 years, china has scored impressive achievements in its development. china’s economy , especially in the latest 30 years, runs at an average of 9.4 percent,with its gdp jumping from 147.3 billion us dollars to over 1.4 trillion us dollars. as the same time, the technology of chain has improved rapidly. the "gold seven’ lunch is the best evidence. the most pride of china is the success of " beijing olympic games", which e_hibits a harmonious china to foreigners.
in the end , let us bless our dear county to have a bright future together.
大學寫英語演講稿 模板5
閱讀小貼士:模板5共計10343個字,預(yù)計閱讀時長26分鐘。朗讀需要52分鐘,中速朗讀69分鐘,在莊重嚴肅場合朗讀需要95分鐘,有220位用戶喜歡。
無論在學習還是工作中,我們都會接觸或用到各類英語演講,小到課堂作業(yè)和工作匯報,大到會議發(fā)言和職位競選。那么如何才能打造精彩的英語演講稿呢?下面筆者就以喬布斯2024年斯坦福大學畢業(yè)演講稿為范本來具體剖析一下英語演講稿的寫作要點,幫助大家了解其基本寫作要領(lǐng)。i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)
結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,邏輯清晰
指出演講話題的重要性。比如要做一場關(guān)于“英語演講的藝術(shù)”的演講,演講者在一開始就可以指出該演講對于聽眾今后的學習、工作將會有很大幫助,甚至可以給出一些數(shù)據(jù)和實例,讓聽眾明白不聽這個演講將會是一個損失,這樣聽眾就會樂于認真聽演講了。②使聽眾感到震驚。例如要做一場關(guān)于“生活方式與疾病”的演講,開篇就可以給出一組極具沖擊力的數(shù)據(jù),讓聽眾看到生活方式不健康將會產(chǎn)生多么可怕的后果,這樣的震驚能夠使聽眾快速調(diào)整狀態(tài),投入到聽演講中去。③引起聽眾的好奇心。演講者可以在開篇指出一種特別的現(xiàn)象,聽眾出于好奇就會認真聽演講,想知道演講者如何分析或解釋。④向觀眾提問。演講者可以在開篇提出一個問題,這樣可以引發(fā)聽眾的思考,也會引導(dǎo)他們?nèi)ヂ犙葜v者如何解答問題。此外,也可以在開篇引用一段名言,或是講述一個故事等,這些基本的開篇方式被無數(shù)的演講證明是實用而且有效的。 觀點明確,支撐有效 毫無疑問,在演講稿中,主體段的信息量最大,寫作量也最大。如何清晰地闡釋演講者的觀點或演講要點,如何用相關(guān)事實有效地支撐演講者的各個論點或要點,是演講稿主體段寫作時應(yīng)該把握的關(guān)鍵。喬布斯在斯坦福大學的畢業(yè)演講中明確給出了三個要點:① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.為了清晰、有效地闡述自己想要表達的這三個要點,他運用了以下三種手段:首先是舉例子。喬布斯在演講中用了大量的事例來說明他怎么對待學習、工作和死亡。比如他說自己讀書時旁聽有意思的書法課程,這些課在當時對他沒什么實質(zhì)幫助,但是十年后在當他設(shè)計第一款macintosh電腦的時候,這些東西全派上了用場,這個例子充分說明了他演講的第一個要點——串起生命中的點滴。另一個手段是引用。喬布斯在演講中引用了一些名言警句來闡述自己的觀點。比如在講到死亡時,他引用了一句格言:“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”這句話表明了他對于生命和死亡的看法,使聽眾印象深刻。第三個手段是數(shù)據(jù)支持。在講第二個故事——關(guān)于愛和失去時,喬布斯用了一系列數(shù)據(jù)來支撐自己的觀點。他說自己是幸運的,因為“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and
由于公共演講的聽眾一般有數(shù)十人甚至數(shù)百、數(shù)千人,再加上演講環(huán)境的不確定性(比如觀眾的歡呼或者抱怨),演講者最好在進入主題之后馬上給出所講內(nèi)容的框架結(jié)構(gòu),使聽眾能跟隨演講者的思路,更好地預(yù)判整個演講內(nèi)容,以達到良好的演講效果。比如,喬布斯在2024年斯坦福大學畢業(yè)典禮上的演講中,開篇稍微寒暄之后就進入正題:“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”聽眾馬上能對演講內(nèi)容做出預(yù)判——今天會聽到喬布斯談三點,然后他們會關(guān)注具體是哪三點。這種演講就具備了“以觀眾為中心”的特質(zhì)。喬布斯在隨后的演講中分別提到,“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演講思路非常明晰,聽眾在聽完之后也會記憶猶新。
i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)
當然,演講稿在結(jié)構(gòu)方面的邏輯順序有許多種,喬布斯的這篇演講是按照話題順序和時間順序來安排的。除此之外,還有空間順序,“提出問題——分析問題——解決問題”的順序等。大家可以根據(jù)不同演講內(nèi)容的需要來安排自己演講稿的邏輯順序和整體結(jié)構(gòu)。
開篇出彩,吸引聽眾
演講稿的開篇往往需要花費大量的功夫去設(shè)計。在寫作開篇時,演講者需要結(jié)合聽眾特點、演講場合和演講主題等因素,爭取在一開始就緊緊抓住聽眾的注意力和興趣。下面筆者就介紹一下基本的演講開篇模式,供大家以后寫作演講稿參考。
演講內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性的經(jīng)典形式,值得借鑒。 為了更加有效地掌握文中講到的寫作演講稿的要點,筆者建議大家做到以下三點:①多看。多看一些演講素材,比如名人演講、演講比賽優(yōu)秀選手的演講等,積累大量的一手素材;也有必要閱讀一些關(guān)于英語公共演講的書籍,筆者在此推薦stephen e. lucas的《演講的藝術(shù)》(the art of public speaking)一書。②多想。學會分析這些演講之所以精彩的原因,可以從筆者上面講的幾點入手分析。③多練。在有了一定的積累之后,要大量練習寫作演講稿,話題可以從日常學習和工作中選取,這樣練習起來會更有興趣和成就感。 (本文選自《新東方英語》雜志2024年2月號)
演講稿開篇的目的是吸引聽眾。喬布斯在他的演講稿開篇使用的是“關(guān)聯(lián)話題與聽眾”的方式。這是一種比較有效的方法,因為人們一般對自己的事情都很關(guān)注,和自己相關(guān)的事情也會格外留意。喬布斯在演講開篇說道:“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度贊美斯坦福大學——這就是在與聽眾發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)。喬布斯就是通過這種方式讓聽眾一開始就對自己產(chǎn)生好感或?qū)ψ约旱难葜v內(nèi)容產(chǎn)生興趣。當然,喬布斯還用了適當?shù)挠哪?,更好地融洽了與聽眾的關(guān)系。
演講內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性的經(jīng)典形式,值得借鑒。 為了更加有效地掌握文中講到的寫作演講稿的要點,筆者建議大家做到以下三點:①多看。多看一些演講素材,比如名人演講、演講比賽優(yōu)秀選手的演講等,積累大量的一手素材;也有必要閱讀一些關(guān)于英語公共演講的書籍,筆者在此推薦stephen e. lucas的《演講的藝術(shù)》(the art of public speaking)一書。②多想。學會分析這些演講之所以精彩的原因,可以從筆者上面講的幾點入手分析。③多練。在有了一定的積累之后,要大量練習寫作演講稿,話題可以從日常學習和工作中選取,這樣練習起來會更有興趣和成就感。 (本文選自《新東方英語》雜志2024年2月號)
除了喬布斯的這種開篇方式外,我們還需要了解和掌握其他一些開篇方式:①指出演講話題的重要性。比如要做一場關(guān)于“英語演講的藝術(shù)”的演講,演講者在一開始就可以指出該演講對于聽眾今后的學習、工作將會有很大幫助,甚至可以給出一些數(shù)據(jù)和實例,讓聽眾明白不聽這個演講將會是一個損失,這樣聽眾就會樂于認真聽演講了。②使聽眾感到震驚。例如要做一場關(guān)于“生活方式與疾病”的演講,開篇就可以給出一組極具沖擊力的數(shù)據(jù),讓聽眾看到生活方式不健康將會產(chǎn)生多么可怕的后果,這樣的震驚能夠使聽眾快速調(diào)整狀態(tài),投入到聽演講中去。③引起聽眾的好奇心。演講者可以在開篇指出一種特別的現(xiàn)象,聽眾出于好奇就會認真聽演講,想知道演講者如何分析或解釋。④向觀眾提問。演講者可以在開篇提出一個問題,這樣可以引發(fā)聽眾的思考,也會引導(dǎo)他們?nèi)ヂ犙葜v者如何解答問題。此外,也可以在開篇引用一段名言,或是講述一個故事等,這些基本的開篇方式被無數(shù)的演講證明是實用而且有效的。
i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn) 觀點明確,支撐有效
毫無疑問,在演講稿中,主體段的信息量最大,寫作量也最大。如何清晰地闡釋演講者的觀點或演講要點,如何用相關(guān)事實有效地支撐演講者的各個論點或要點,是演講稿主體段寫作時應(yīng)該把握的關(guān)鍵。喬布斯在斯坦福大學的畢業(yè)演講中明確給出了三個要點:① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.為了清晰、有效地闡述自己想要表達的這三個要點,他運用了以下三種手段:首先是舉例子。喬布斯在演講中用了大量的事例來說明他怎么對待學習、工作和死亡。比如他說自己讀書時旁聽有意思的書法課程,這些課在當時對他沒什么實質(zhì)幫助,但是十年后在當他設(shè)計第一款macintosh電腦的時候,這些東西全派上了用場,這個例子充分說明了他演講的第一個要點——串起生命中的點滴。另一個手段是引用。喬布斯在演講中引用了一些名言警句來闡述自己的觀點。比如在講到死亡時,他引用了一句格言:“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”這句話表明了他對于生命和死亡的看法,使聽眾印象深刻。第三個手段是數(shù)據(jù)支持。在講第二個故事——關(guān)于愛和失去時,喬布斯用了一系列數(shù)據(jù)來支撐自己的觀點。他說自己是幸運的,因為“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。
i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)
結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛[來源:新東方 作者:錢希] 無論在學習還是工作中,我們都會接觸或用到各類英語演講,小到課堂作業(yè)和工作匯報,大到會議發(fā)言和職位競選。那么如何才能打造精彩的英語演講稿呢?下面筆者就以喬布斯2024年斯坦福大學畢業(yè)演講稿為范本來具體剖析一下英語演講稿的寫作要點,幫助大家了解其基本寫作要領(lǐng)。 結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,邏輯清晰 由于公共演講的聽眾一般有數(shù)十人甚至數(shù)百、數(shù)千人,再加上演講環(huán)境的不確定性(比如觀眾的歡呼或者抱怨),演講者最好在進入主題之后馬上給出所講內(nèi)容的框架結(jié)構(gòu),使聽眾能跟隨演講者的思路,更好地預(yù)判整個演講內(nèi)容,以達到良好的演講效果。比如,喬布斯在2024年斯坦福大學畢業(yè)典禮上的演講中,開篇稍微寒暄之后就進入正題:“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”聽眾馬上能對演講內(nèi)容做出預(yù)判——今天會聽到喬布斯談三點,然后他們會關(guān)注具體是哪三點。這種演講就具備了“以觀眾為中心”的特質(zhì)。喬布斯在隨后的演講中分別提到,“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演講思路非常明晰,聽眾在聽完之后也會記憶猶新。 當然,演講稿在結(jié)構(gòu)方面的邏輯順序有許多種,喬布斯的這篇演講是按照話題順序和時間順序來安排的。除此之外,還有空間順序,“提出問題——分析問題——解決問題”的順序等。大家可以根據(jù)不同演講內(nèi)容的需要來安排自己演講稿的邏輯順序和整體結(jié)構(gòu)。 開篇出彩,吸引聽眾 演講稿的開篇往往需要花費大量的功夫去設(shè)計。在寫作開篇時,演講者需要結(jié)合聽眾特點、演講場合和演講主題等因素,爭取在一開始就緊緊抓住聽眾的注意力和興趣。下面筆者就介紹一下基本的演講開篇模式,供大家以后寫作演講稿參考。 演講稿開篇的目的是吸引聽眾。喬布斯在他的演講稿開篇使用的是“關(guān)聯(lián)話題與聽眾”的方式。這是一種比較有效的方法,因為人們一般對自己的事情都很關(guān)注,和自己相關(guān)的事情也會格外留意。喬布斯在演講開篇說道:“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度贊美斯坦福大學——這就是在與聽眾發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)。喬布斯就是通過這種方式讓聽眾一開始就對自己產(chǎn)生好感或?qū)ψ约旱难葜v內(nèi)容產(chǎn)生興趣。當然,喬布斯還用了適當?shù)挠哪?,更好地融洽了與聽眾的關(guān)系。 除了喬布斯的這種開篇方式外,我們還需要了解和掌握其他一些開篇方式:①
演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。
i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)
除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)演講內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性的經(jīng)典形式,值得借鑒。
為了更加有效地掌握文中講到的寫作演講稿的要點,筆者建議大家做到以下三點:①多看。多看一些演講素材,比如名人演講、演講比賽優(yōu)秀選手的演講等,積累大量的一手素材;也有必要閱讀一些關(guān)于英語公共演講的書籍,筆者在此推薦stephen e. lucas的《演講的藝術(shù)》(the art of public speaking)一書。②多想。學會分析這些演講之所以精彩的原因,可以從筆者上面講的幾點入手分析。③多練。在有了一定的積累之后,要大量練習寫作演講稿,話題可以從日常學習和工作中選取,這樣練習起來會更有興趣和成就感。
i’d just turned 30.”數(shù)據(jù)很直觀,能讓聽眾更直接地認識和理解演講內(nèi)容。 結(jié)尾有“道”,畫龍點睛 演講的結(jié)尾往往需要起到“畫龍點睛”的作用,要盡量做到意味深長、啟發(fā)思考。開篇和正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過于平淡,整個演講的精彩程度也會大打折扣。那么如何做到結(jié)尾有“道”呢?首先我們來看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,達到了引人深思的效果。他在結(jié)尾說道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”喬布斯不僅在演講結(jié)尾引用了這句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虛懷若谷),而且重復(fù)三遍,強化了聽眾的印象。這句話后來也被廣泛傳播,被譽為該篇演講的精髓。 除了喬布斯這種“引文結(jié)尾”的方式,常見的演講結(jié)尾方式還有如下幾種:①總結(jié)演講。對演講中的各個論點或要點進行簡單總結(jié)和梳理,加深聽眾的印象。②強有力的陳述。這種方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演講者自己的總結(jié)和心聲。一個非常經(jīng)典的例子是patrick henry的演講“liberty or death”。他在結(jié)尾時說道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼應(yīng)。在演講結(jié)尾對開篇提到的主題和重點進行重新闡述,這是體現(xiàn)